Comparison of the Representations of Love and/or Melancholy in Louise Labes Poems

Love has always been associated with complications. To some, love is the best thing that has ever happened to them; to others, the mention of the word love revives pain, deeply buried for so long in their hearts. Love can be a therapy to a person in pain when expressed in a genuine manner. This is however, a rare occurrence as only a few humans are able to express true love, as it should be.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison of the Representations of Love and/or Melancholy in Louise Labe’s Poems specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The type of love expressed by human is far much different from what the recipient expects. Variation in the expectations and delivery of love is the cause of hurt and mistrust. Louise Lobe probably experienced this fact when she composed Long-felt Desires and I Live, I Die, I Burn, I Drown. The two poems must have been a confession from Louise as they talk of real experienc es that many would confess as true. In these poems, love is not a source of joy but a source of pain and mistrust. In I Live, I Die, I Burn, I Drown, Labe laments the inconsistencies associated with love. â€Å"Thus I suffer love’s inconsistencies† (â€Å"I Live I Die I Burn, I Drown† Line I) tells of the sufferings associated with love due to inconsistencies. The inconsistencies bring in confusion. Being unsure of what to feel is more troublesome than having negative feelings. The poet undergoes many contradicting feelings that leave her unsure of everything. All of which have both sides of emotions: good and bad. â€Å"I live, I Die, I Burn, I Drown,† (â€Å"I Live I Die I Burn, I Drown† Line 1) tells of tribulations that the writer goes through. In one minute, life is smiling at her and in the other life seems to be fading away. Her spirits are lifted by the good deeds that come with love at one moment. Yet in the next, the bad things that ensue dampen them. She is not sure whether she is burning or drowning, whether she is alive or dead. Bad things and good ones come together leaving her confused and exhausted. Sometimes the tribulations are manageable while at other times they are unbearable. Life is both good and bad at the same time as troubles and joys are intermingled. When it seems like rejoicing time something happens that would make her celebrate and grief at the same time. She does not know if she is happy or not. She is torn between the two. It is as if happiness is always there and always absent. Sometimes she feels like love is crushing her and sucking her life away. This occurs when her partner hurts her. When things are good between them she feels like she is growing.Advertising Looking for essay on comparative literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More She starts to grow emotionally, physically and spiritually. However, this does not last for long, a s she is forever doomed to inconsistencies. Sometimes she thinks that she is condemned to pain but this pain does not seem to exist. When she is about to rejoice that happiness is back; meant to last, nevertheless, this feeling also does not last. Labe is confused and suffering due to the events that are neither good nor bad. To her, love is pain and joy at the same time. Long- Felt Desires also by Labe is a poem told by a heartbroken person. The experience with love has planted a seed of pain and hopelessness in the heart of this person. However, she still longs for the good feeling associated with love. What she is not sure of if is whether the crushed heart will ever accommodate love again. The experience from the past has left her with painful emotions, â€Å"cruelty beyond humanity/ a pain so hard it makes compassionate stars go mad with pity/ these are the first passions I’ve had† (Labe, â€Å"Long-Felt Desires† Line V-VII). She was treated with cruelty th at has resulted to all the pain that she feels. She bears so much sadness and sorrow that calls for pity. This has left her cynical about love. Labe wonders, â€Å"Do you think love could root in my soul again?† (â€Å"Long-Felt Desires† Line VIII). It leaves her wondering whether, at any point of her life she will be able to love again. Whether love will ever revive what she felt before the bad experience remains debatable to her. She knows that this will not be possible as the wounds from the past â€Å"†¦covers me. It can pierce no more† (â€Å"Long-Felt Desires† Line XIV). She is destined not to love again in her life. The two poems are similar in that the writer has had experiences in love. The writer has suffered in both poems, from love inconsistencies and heartbreak. The two poems share a common thing, pain. In I Live, I Die, I Burn, I Drown, although in love, Labe is going through pain. In Long-Felt Desires, the writer is not in love. Howeve r, she is going through a lot of pain from the past cruelty she had experienced in love. In the two poems, love is nothing but unhappiness. However, the two poems varies in that, in I Live, I Die, I Burn, I Drown Labe is in love while in Long-Felt Desires, she is no longer in love. In I Live, I Die, I Burn, I Drown, the writer is undergoing all this while still in love. She is experiencing the both sides of emotions while still in love. On the contrary, the persona in the Long-felt Desires is no longer in love. All the pain and hopelessness emanate from what she has experienced in her life. The writer’s past is full of cruelty that caused a wound that will forever shield her from falling in love again. In the first poem, though the persona is undergoing painful moments, there are also some moments of joy. Sometimes she experiences happiness, and joy. This leaves her with some hope to carry on loving. However, the poet in Long-felt Desires is hopeless. The experiences in the p ast have left her hopeless. She does not think that she will ever love.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison of the Representations of Love and/or Melancholy in Louise Labe’s Poems specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Based on Labe’s history, love must have been a painful and at the same time exciting experience. Her father married her to a prosperous rope maker who was thirty years older than she was. On the other hand, Labe was in love with a young royal guard who unfortunately, she could not marry. The two poems reflect the painful reality associated with love. Though to some love is still a paradise, to many people, love is a source of pain and misery. Heartbreak, misery, emptiness, and unfulfilled promises define love in most cases leave its victims with wounds that cannot heal. Works Cited Labe, Louise. I Live, I Die, I Burn, I Drown. N.d. Web. —. Long-Felt Desires. N.d. Web. 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Free Essays on Nuclear Warfare

Nuclear Warfare: A Total Disaster â€Å"We have genuflected before the gods of science only to find that is has given us the atomic bomb, producing fear and anxieties that science can never mitigate† (Martin Luther King qtd. in The Columbia World of Quotations). August 6, 1945 was the day that World War II took a severe turn with the atomic bomb hitting Hiroshima. Three days later on the 9th, the second bomb hit Nagasaki. The dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki was a drastic decision made by the United States, which produced an aftermath that would devastate the two cities for years. The usage and repercussions of the atomic bomb has now resulted in anxiety with the thought that North Korea might possess nuclear power. I intend to show that the dropping of the atomic bomb was the beginning of world nuclear power struggle. When the atomic bomb went off over Hiroshima on August 6, 1945, 70,000 lives were ended in a flash. When the atomic bomb went off in Nagasaki on August 9th, more then 60,000 people died (Hogan 1). To the American people who were weary from the long and brutal war, such a drastic measure seemed necessary, even righteous way to end the madness that was World War II. However, the madness had just begun. That August morning was the day that started the dawn of the Nuclear Age, and with it came more than just the loss of lives. The entire globe was now to live with the fear of total annihilation, the fear that drove the cold war, the fear that has forever changed world politics. The fear is real, more real today than ever. The stories and fears that followed the dropping of the bomb should had been the reason why the United States should have never took the war to a nuclear point. The story of Kwak Bok Soon is a story that would make anyone’s skin crawl. She was only 17 years old when the bomb was dropped. Her neighbor was waiting for her to come to the door, when Kwak heard a loud explosion a... Free Essays on Nuclear Warfare Free Essays on Nuclear Warfare Nuclear Warfare: A Total Disaster â€Å"We have genuflected before the gods of science only to find that is has given us the atomic bomb, producing fear and anxieties that science can never mitigate† (Martin Luther King qtd. in The Columbia World of Quotations). August 6, 1945 was the day that World War II took a severe turn with the atomic bomb hitting Hiroshima. Three days later on the 9th, the second bomb hit Nagasaki. The dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki was a drastic decision made by the United States, which produced an aftermath that would devastate the two cities for years. The usage and repercussions of the atomic bomb has now resulted in anxiety with the thought that North Korea might possess nuclear power. I intend to show that the dropping of the atomic bomb was the beginning of world nuclear power struggle. When the atomic bomb went off over Hiroshima on August 6, 1945, 70,000 lives were ended in a flash. When the atomic bomb went off in Nagasaki on August 9th, more then 60,000 people died (Hogan 1). To the American people who were weary from the long and brutal war, such a drastic measure seemed necessary, even righteous way to end the madness that was World War II. However, the madness had just begun. That August morning was the day that started the dawn of the Nuclear Age, and with it came more than just the loss of lives. The entire globe was now to live with the fear of total annihilation, the fear that drove the cold war, the fear that has forever changed world politics. The fear is real, more real today than ever. The stories and fears that followed the dropping of the bomb should had been the reason why the United States should have never took the war to a nuclear point. The story of Kwak Bok Soon is a story that would make anyone’s skin crawl. She was only 17 years old when the bomb was dropped. Her neighbor was waiting for her to come to the door, when Kwak heard a loud explosion a...

Pair and Other Words Meaning Two

Pair and Other Words Meaning Two Pair and Other Words Meaning Two Pair and Other Words Meaning Two By Maeve Maddox A reader wonders about the word pair to describe singular objects: A headline from today’s National Post, â€Å"The Royal Canadian Navy is looking to buy 180,000 pairs of grey, lightweight underwear,† got me wondering about the use of the word pair when it comes to things like underwear, pants and scissors. Why are clearly singular items commonly referred to as pairs? Any ideas? I wish I could come up with some really obscure reason for the fact that modern speakers talk about â€Å"a pair of scissors† and â€Å"a pair of stockings,† but fourteenth century English speakers were already speaking of tools that had two joined partslike shearsas pairs. The earliest meaning of the word pair was â€Å"two things of the same type which ordinarily or necessarily are found together.† By the 17th century, pair had acquired the following meanings: a group of things which form a set a married couple a single thing in two pieces or two symmetrical parts two animals of the same species used or bought together two people united by affection or some similarity of position two symmetrical or identical parts of a body (ex. a pair of eyes) The of that follows pair in modern English was often omitted in Middle English and in early Modern English. For example, one spoke of â€Å"a pair socks† and â€Å"a pair gloves.† This change is especially interesting in light of the current trend to drop of after couple, another word that means â€Å"two things.† (See the comments on my post The Quasi-adjective Couple) Another change in the use of pair has to do with the plural. In the not-so-distant past, the singular was used after a numeral: â€Å"three pair shoes,† but now, as in the headline that launched this discussion, we use the plural: â€Å"looking to buy 180,000 pairs of grey, lightweight underwear† Here are a few more words that convey the idea of two: brace double duet duo duplet dyad twain twice twin two twosome Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:30 Synonyms for â€Å"Meeting†80 Idioms with the Word TimeNarrative, Plot, and Story

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 43

Assignment Example Likely trained as a Priest himself, Fulcher of Chartres (c. 1059 - ?) was one of the earliest historians of the First Crusade (1095-1099), a military expedition undertaken by European Christians to regain the ‘Holy Lands’ and recapture Jerusalem. In the particular excerpt from Fulcher’s chronicle that I have assigned to you, Fulcher recounts Pope Urban II’s (1088-1099) speech at the Council of Clermont. This speech is thought to have launched the First Crusade. incumbent (someone currently holding an official position); diocese (bishopric or area under the authority of a particular bishop); patriarch (a leading bishop in the Orthodox Church of the Byzantine Empire); ecclesiastical (of or referring to the church); patriarchate (area under the authority of a particular patriarch); cathedral chapter (body of clergymen formed to advise a bishop or, in his absence, govern the particular area under his authority); cultic (of or pertaining to worship According to Barlett, Latin Europe is that component of Europe which was predominantly Roman Catholic from the very beginning. The zone had common characteristics in geographical and cultural context. Latin was the dominant language for communication with a combination of Latin and Roman culture. Internal differences existed in the Latin Europe of the early Middle Ages unlike Latin Europe of the later Middle Ages. (Bartlett, 1) The ‘Latins’ were also referred as ‘Franks’. In the initial half of the ninth century, the Christian West and the Franskish Empire shared the same boundary. Frankish Europe as per Bartlett’s definition is the land of Carolingians. This was the center of the West. Some parts of England, Northern Italy, France and West Germany were also included. During the High Middle Ages, this part of the Empire may be regarded as central. The religion was

The Financial Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Financial Crisis - Essay Example Bankers blame the public for their exuberant enthusiasm that created the fragile real estate bubble that was destined to burst. The people blamed the Congress for their inaction, while Democrats blamed Republicans and Republicans blamed the Democrats. No matter where the weakness in the system was, it was the government's failure to act in a prudent and timely fashion to stem the rising tide of waste, abuse, and corruption. At the core of the economic problems that are facing the US today is the weakness caused by an escalating national debt and the political reality of a public that has a growing concern over their scarce tax dollars. Had the government implemented a balanced budget in the recent years, or if money had been wisely invested to create jobs in the economy, taxpayers and conservatives might be more willing to manage a multi-billion dollar loan to the auto industry. However, a failed policy in Iraq has left the people with a bill that could top $3 trillion in the near future (Bilmes and Stiglitz B06). This is money that can't be used for building infrastructure or investing in much needed education. The government has failed by squandering trillions of dollars on what amounts to a handful of magic beans. The government further allowed the economic system to go into decline by failing to adequately regulate the banking and insurance systems that had become rife with abuse and

Simple to carry around Essay Example for Free

Simple to carry around Essay Super computers are the fastest computers and the most expensive computer in the world; these are at least 100 millions pounds. They are mainly used for superior scientific investigations, weather forecasting or advanced engineering applications Mainframe computers can contain massive amounts of data and are capable of processing them. Large utility companies such as gas suppliers and banks etc would these computers to save masses of data in it. Minicomputers are used by smaller businesses to handle their data processing or to run something similar to a city traffic control system. Desktop computers would naturally be supplied with the computer itself (complete with hard disk drive and floppy disk drive) and peripherals such as a screen, a mouse, a keyboard and a CD or DVD drive. These are comparatively cheap and easy to add development cards to. The only disadvantage is that it takes up lots of space and is not easily moved. Notebooks (Laptops) These are little, light and simple to carry around. You open it by his hinges and has a screen on its inside, keyboard and mouse controls. These are really expensive because of their processing power and you cannot use standard expansion cards. Keyboards and screens not as good for extended usage. They are designed to run on rechargeable batteries or the mains and can contain many of the description available on a desktop computer. Touch pads or a button are usually used to control the screen pointer. These are also portable due to their size and ability to run on batteries Palm-tops PDAs (personal digital assistants) These are very portable, small hand-held computers. They are usually supplied with software such as a diary, a contacts database, and some form of word processor. Many now have email facilities and even spreadsheets and databases. They either use a little keyboard or a touch-sensitive screen and writing recognition software. They can be linked to larger computers straight by cable or through a docking station or using an infrared link. These are relatively expensive, limited expansion; non-keyboard versions can be slow to input data. Embedded computers have a vast number of modern devices contain some figure of built-in computer. Examples include: washing machines; camera, hi-fi systems; telephones; microwave ovens; missiles. The inputs are usually sensors so a keyboard may not be needed. The outputs are usually simple displays or motors and relays to control something.

Schools Should Provide Teenage Parents with Daycare Essays -- Teen Pre

As times continually change, it is inevitable that statistics will change as well. For each student that fails to graduate from high school, another statistic comes about. An American epidemic that forever seems to be looming on the horizon is the issue of teenage parenting and pregnancies. According to an article pertaining to teen pregnancies compiled from teenhelp.com, the United States has been deemed the leading nation for teenage pregnancies in the Western industrialized world. Due to this statistic, it is important to evaluate what can be done to set up teenage parents for success, as well as what can be done for children born in to young families. In an article on teenage parenting compiled by Linda Mangel, it is said that nearly seventy percent of teenage mothers do not complete their secondary education, and because of this, it becomes evident that a solution is crucial. Secondary schools would benefit from considering the implementation of daycare systems in order to increase the graduation rate for teen parents. The debate as to whether or not daycares are appropriate for high schools poses an important question: does the placing of daycare centers in secondary schools condone teenage pregnancies? In an online journal obtained from MSNBC, it is argued that high school daycare centers do not effectively convey the ins and outs of teenage parenthood, and therefore appear to condone the concept of teenage pregnancies. The reality of this counterargument, though, is that the daycare centers exist solely to provide an ideal environment for the parent and child. As long as these daycare centers are not advertised and put out in plain sight for all to see, it does not appear tha... ... Chen, Grace. "Should Public Schools Provide Teenage Parents with Daycare? - Public School Review." Profiles of USA Public Schools - Public School Review. 24 Mar. 2009. Web. 12 Feb. 2012. Mangel, Linda. "Teen Pregnancy, Discrimination, and the Dropout Rate." American Civil Liberties Union of Washington. 25 Oct. 2010. Web. 12 Feb. 2012. "School's Pregnancy Spike Stirs Day Care Debate - Health - Children's Health - Msnbc.com." Msnbc.com - Breaking News, Science and Tech News, World News, US News, Local News- Msnbc.com. 2 July 2008. Web. 29 Jan. 2012. "Teen Pregnancy Statistics - Teen Pregnancy." Teen Help - Advice for Parents and Teens. 2012. Web. 12 Feb. 2012. Zuckerbrod, Nancy. "Schools Offering Day Care Centers - USATODAY.com." News, Travel, Weather, Entertainment, Sports, Technology, U.S. & World - USATODAY.com. 25 Aug. 2007. Web. 29 Jan. 2012.

Religion and Individualism Essay

Different countries have different cultures, traditions and values. They represent the image of the nation, people’s mentality, how they think and behave, and what they strive for and struggle for. With the help of them we judge of what is important in life of a person, of a nation, of a country. America is not an exception. Despite the great number of various ethnic groups that inhabit United States, there are things that unite all the people. Among them are such values like freedom and independence that entirely characterize America. The American founding fathers felt that this concept was of utmost importance when they were deciding what the United States Of America would be and how it would function. In the second paragraph of the â€Å"Declaration of Independence† it‘s written: â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liber ty and the pursuit of happiness.† This is what sets the U.S. apart from all other countries in the world. Other values are beauty, nature, patriotism, optimism, and equality. All of them are described by different American writers, painters, politicians and philosophers. Probably the most important ingredient of Americans’ ideology is their belief in the freedom of the individual called individualism. America’s highest ideal and greatest blessing is freedom and each individual decides to what purpose should it be employed. Everyone should set his own goals for himself. Americans are considered to be rather religious nation. A majority of Americans report that religion plays a very important role in their lives. We can see how various writers, politics and painters talk about religion and express it in their works. In this paper such values as religion and individualism will be analyzed, through the words of Emily Dickinson, Abraham Lincoln, Henry David Thoreau, and Ralph Waldo Emerson. Emily Dickinson, an American poet, was brought up in a prominent family, which raised Dickinson to be a cultured Christian woman who would one day be responsible for a family of her own. Her father attempted to protect her from reading books that might â€Å"joggle† her mind, particularly her religious faith. She dressed only in white. In religion white color is the symbol of innocence, purity, holiness, and chastity. She used contemporary popular church hymns, transforming their standard rhythms into free-form hymn  meters. Her poetry contains almost all the range of biblical and religious designations. Emily Dickinson’s poem â€Å"Faith is a Fine Invention,† can be interpreted spiritually. Dickinson says, â€Å"â€Å"Faith† is a fine invention- When Gentlemen can see†¦Ã¢â‚¬  In context, Faith is belief that does not rest on logical proof or evidence. In other words, faith is belief without seeing. In Dickinson’s poem, she suggests that hu mankind only possess faith when the object is seen. In essence, â€Å"faith† is nonexistent. Dickinson continues in the subsequent lines saying, â€Å"But Microscopes are prudent- In an Emergency.† This suggests the characteristic of some people who simply cannot accept something without witnessing an in-depth account. For example, â€Å"Microscopes† could be a representation of modern day scientists and interpreters who research and develop explanations to discover the truth behind what is believed. Continuing, Dickinson suggests these â€Å"Microscopes are prudent† only when things go bad. As with most people today, good judgment is generally a last resort in the midst of adversity. Genuine faith is the only way out of trouble. Nevertheless, humankind is busy trying to offer explanations and theory rather accepting belief without logical evidence. In her poem â€Å"This World Is not Conclusion† we see that she didn’t think this world is the end. â€Å"A Species stands beyond† – this means that life exists somewhere beyond our world. She was saying that death is not the end of this world. There is another life after death because God says so. This speaks also of the resurrection. She was saying after we die there is another generation that comes after us, so really this world never ends it keeps on going and going. It’s just like Plato was saying that all the souls transmigrate and only those souls, who reached the catharsis leave the earth and stay in the kingdom of heaven. People try to puzzle out what is this, but the â€Å"Faith slips — and laughs, and rallies –Blushes, if any see –Plucks at a twig of Evidence.† Again, you must just believe in God, in a world beyond, and not try to find evidences for it. There are things even the â€Å"wise† can’t explain: â€Å"Philosophy — don’t know.† Abraham Lincoln, sixteenth president of the United States, has become a mythic figure in America’s civil religion. He was known for honest, sympathy, and kindness to the victims of the Civil War on both sides. He was private about his beliefs and respected the beliefs of others. Though Lincoln di dn’t belong to any church, he is believed to be Christian. Lincoln read the Bible throughout  his life and quoted from it widely. Lincoln was clear in his belief that Christians of the North and South were praying to the same God. Lincoln was self-taught in the ways of both God and humanity. His speeches and conversations always had references on Christianity, there is an unusual depth of the Christian perception. Nowhere was that depth visible than in his Second Inaugural Address: â€Å"Both read the same Bible, and pray to the same God; and each invokes His aid against the other. It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a just God’s assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other men’s faces; but let us judge not that we be not judged. The prayers of both could not be answered; that of neither has been answered fully. The Almighty has His own purposes.† He insisted that there were no unbridgeable differences. Both were God fearing people and worked hard. He went on to describe the strange fact that both sides pray to the same God for a successful resolution and improvement of each of their ideals. Both could not win. It was providence that willed that slavery should be abolished and in his speech, which was almost like a prayer, he hoped to calm both. Lincoln suggested that the cause of the war was the North and the South’s common sin of slavery. He continued, â€Å"Fondly do we hope – fervently do we pray – that this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass away. Yet, if God wills that it continue, until all the wealth piled by the bond-man’s 250 years of unrequited toil shall be sunk and until every drop of blood drawn with the lash, shall be paid by another drawn with the sword, so as was said three thousand years ago, so still it must be said â€Å"the judgments of the Lord are true and righteous altogether.† He uses religious imagery to enlist the belief that God is against slavery. Lincoln pla ced the outcome of the war into the hands of God to whom all seemed to be praying, saying that whatever God’s desire on these issues would be, that would decide the fate. He said that if it is God’s will that the war should continue until all funds be expended or until there is a peaceful conclusion, whichever the case, God would decide. He concludes with more religious imagery, specifying the divine right that the Union should attain a victory, and that the goal is to achieve and care about a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations, based on â€Å"firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right.† Ralph Waldo Emerson was an American lecturer, essayist and poet. He was seen as a champion of individualism.  Emerson was drastic in his conviction that an individual should obey himself and himself alone. The concept of individualism is fully described in the essay â€Å"Self-Reliance.† Emerson uses the essay as a vehicle for stressing the importance of the individual’s intellectual and moral development, and for making a defensive statement supporting individualism itself. His idea is that a man can trust no one but himself; he should not obey the society, but think and act as he feels is right. â€Å"A man should learn to detect and watch that gleam of light which flashes across his mind from within, more than the lustre of the firmament of bards and sages.† Emerson says that man should focus on his inner self for guidance rather than relying on external. â€Å"Trust thyself: every heart vibrates to that iron string. Accept the place the divine Providence has found for you.† Reliance on and acceptance of the self are the keys to achieving uniqueness by way of trusting one’s own thoughts. Complete trust in a person’s own intuition should exist without influence from outside forces of tradition, religion or government. Emerson talks about the society as about an obstacle on the way of free thoughts. â€Å"These are the voices which we hear in solitude, but they grow faint and inaudible as we enter into the world†¦ The v irtue in most request is conformity. Self-reliance is its aversion. It loves not realities and creators, but names and customs.† The society doesn’t love truth and art, but meaningless words and conventions. And Emerson says: â€Å"I ought to go upright and vital, and speak the rude truth in all ways,† so he doesn’t want to follow the society and hide the truth. What is natural, what a man feels, what he believes to be true, right and paramount – these are important: â€Å"No law can be sacred to me but that of my nature. Good and bad are but names very readily transferable to that or this; the only right is what is after my constitution, the only wrong what is against it.† If he is the only one who thinks differently from the society, that doesn’t mean he is wrong. All people are individuals and they are ruled by different values, opinions, moral codes and beliefs. If a person votes for a candidate just because everybody does, Emerson can’t really understand what this person presents of himself under this mask: â€Å"My life is for itself and not for a spectac le. I much prefer that it should be of a lower strain, so it be genuine and equal, than that it should be glittering and unsteady.† Later he says: â€Å"Do your work, and you shall reinforce yourself.† Do what you want to do, what you  feel you should do, but not what majority dictates you. Otherwise you’re not living a life; you’re just a puppet in the hands of the society, a part of indifferent mass. People are afraid to be misunderstood. Therefore it would be better and easier to agree with the others and accept social standards than to try to go against them and to change something. When we allow ourselves to be dictated to by another, sooner or later those people realize they have us wrapped around their finger, and serious problems could arise. Emerson tries to assure them that’s not so bad; many famous figures were misunderstood. â€Å"Your conformity explains nothing. Act singly, and what you have already done singly will justify you now.† Also when you accept the thing you don’t believe in, you oppose yourself, which is the worst treachery you can do, according to Emerson. Emerson also says that everything comes from the main source. The universe is right, if we free ourselves, make our souls clear, we’ll understand the universe. â€Å"The inquiry leads us to that source, at once the essence of genius, of virtue, and of life, which we call Spontaneity or Instinct. We denote this primary wisdom as Intuition, whilst all later teachings are tuitions.† Intuition is the basic wisdom, the mystical senses, when you say you just know it, and you feel it. Emerson always thought that feelings are the best proofs and arguments for everything. Repeatedly throughout â€Å"Self-Reliance† Emerson returns to these ideas and themes to support his point that fortune and peace is attainable only through reliance on and trust in one’s self. People should believe in themselves, despite what others may say or think, not be afraid of thinking differently, not lose their identity. Henry David Thoreau was an American author, poet, critic, and philosopher. He is best known for his essay â€Å"Civil Disobedienc e,† an argument for individual resistance to civil government in moral opposition to an unjust state. One of the most important themes in the work of Thoreau is the idea of individualism. Thoreau rejects the view that a person must sacrifice or isolate his values out of loyalty to her government. Thoreau expresses his anti-conformity and individualism in pursuit of a political and ethical cause in spite of opinion of the majority. â€Å"Can there not be a government in which majorities do not virtually decide right and wrong, but conscience?- in which majorities decide only those questions to which the rule of expediency is applicable? Must the citizen ever for a moment, or in the  least degree, resign his conscience to the legislation? Why has every man a conscience, then? I think that we should be men first, and subjects afterward. It is not desirable to cultivate a respect for the law, so much as for the right. The only obligation which I have a right to assume is to do at any time what I think right.† This means that first of all a person must be faithful to his opinions and views and do what he thinks and feels is right, he can and must disagree with the government if he thinks it’s beyond his standards of truth. His idea is that everybody is a â€Å"man first and a subject afterwards.† Everybody has his own feelings upon this or that questions, people are different and they have different beliefs and points of views. Nobody and nothing can make one change his thoughts. Thoreau distinguishes 3 types of people: â€Å"The mass of men serve the state thus, not as men mainly, but as machines, with their bodies. They are the standing army, and the militia, jailers, constables, posse comitatus, etc. In most cases there is no free exercise whatever of the judgment or of the moral sense; but they put themselves on a level with wood and earth and stones; and wooden men can perhaps be manufactured that will serve the purpose as well. Such command no more respect than men of straw or a lump of dirt. They have the same sort of worth only as horses and dogs. Yet such as these even are commonly esteemed good citizens.† Here he talks about people who behave just the way they are told, they even don’t ponder over their attitude to the things they are doing. Thoreau compares them with animals, that have no the ability of thinking, they just do what they are made to do. â€Å"Others- as most legislators, politicians, lawyers, ministers, and office-holders- serve the state chiefly with their heads; and, as they rarely make any moral distinctions, they are as likely to serve the devil, without intending it, as God.† These people have the ability of thinking, they know what is right and what is wrong, but in spite of it they still do things that are profitable for them. They live for themselves and try to gain as much as possible. â€Å"A very few- as heroes, patriots, martyrs, reformers in the great sense, and men- serve the state with their consciences also, and so necessarily resist it for the most part; and they are comm only treated as enemies by it. A wise man will only be useful as a man, and will not submit to be â€Å"clay,† and â€Å"stop a hole to keep the wind away,† but leave that office to his dust at least.† These are the individuals who are valued for being a  man, for not just having the ability of thinking, but thinking differently. They are not afraid to opposite the others and to divulge their thoughts. That’s mainly why these people are not accepted by the majority. He writes that government’s authority is â€Å"impure.† Thoreau exhorts to true respect for the individual. â€Å"There will never be a really free and enlightened State until the State comes to recognize the individual as a higher and independent power, from which all its own power and authority are derived, and treats him accordingly.† He says that he dreams of a State that respects the individual, a State that would not mind if a few individuals even chose to live independent of it altogether. This k ind of State would prepare the way for an even more â€Å"perfect and glorious State.† Returning to religion we can notice that mostly Americans are religious people. Though the government doesn’t dictate any kind of religion to its citizens, people choose to be faithful. Each of them believes in his own God, and each of them feels the faith in his own way. Emily Dickinson and Abraham Lincoln were both Christians, both of them read Bible, and the works of both sound like a prayer. But what separates them is that Dickinson’s main idea was to believe in God without any proofs. One should not try to find evidence for the existence of God, he should just believe. And Lincoln’s idea was that North and South pray to the same God and that all people are equal in front of God. Also he believed that everything in the world, and the Civil War is not an exception, happens because of God willing. Only the Almighty can decide the fate of people, and the conclusion of the war including. Passing on to the second value of this work, it’s necessary to mention that individualism is one of the most important and inalienable elements for each American. Emerson and Thoreau were ardent supporters of individualism. They hated the society; they are against the majority and against those people who obey. They both think that what a person thinks and feels is right, and not what they are forced to think and believe. Emerson also talks about the human intuition, which is according to him the primary wisdom; you know something is right just because you feel it. Thoreau by-turn talks about 3 types of people, and elevates the people who are able to think differently and to act differently, without being afraid not to be accepted by the society. Thoreau also creates in his dreams a new State, where an individual would be respected.

New Public Management Approach

The Concept of ‘New public management Approach’ New public management (NPM) denotes broadly the government policies, since the 1980s, which aimed to modernize and render more effective the public sector. The basic hypothesis holds that market oriented management of the public sector will lead to greater cost-efficiency for governments, without having negative side-effects on other objectives and considerations.The last two decades to 2006 have been associated with a fundamental shift in the principles of public sector management in all industrialized countries. This had, in turn, been a product of a general reinvention of the role of government, its agencies, the means by which services are delivered, and employment practices within public sector organizations. At its core, this has been associated with a move away from a traditional model of public administration towards variants of the ‘new public sector management’ model.The traditional model of public ad ministration, based on the doctrine of the separation of powers, was associated with the delegation of a specific set of functions to public administrators in the implementation of policy and the expenditure of public funds. A central principle associated with this model was the idea that public service employees were independent from the political process. Their role was encapsulated by the maxim of providing advice ‘without fear or favour’. This capacity for independent advice was assured through the idea of a career in the public service and explicit norms of behaviour and professional conduct.It has also been presumed that public service employees were less likely to be motivated by extrinsic rewards, more likely to identify with value of service to the public and the provision of public goods, and have a strong commitment to principles of justice, fairness and equity in discharging their duties. This traditional model of public administration was associated with an expansive view of the role of government, which prevailed throughout much of the twentieth century.This view produced a significant role for government in regulating economic and social relations, owning productive assets and producing goods and services, in a range of areas in the period until the mid to late 1970s. From that time, the role of government and public sector organisations came under sustained scrutiny, with the result that governments privatised production of many goods and services previously seen as the natural domain of government, such as essential services; withdrew from the direct control f production of goods and services funded by the public purse through corporatization and outsourcing; and encouraged the contestability of markets in which the government had previously been a monopoly producer. This general reorientation of the role of government has been associated with changes to internal organizational attributes and management practices within public sec tor organizations. This ‘new public management’ has shifted the focus from public service to service delivery.The principles associated with new public management have been informed by the idea that public service needs to be more responsive to both the preferences of beneficiaries, citizens who pay for service provision through tax, and politicians who represent the collective will and make policy choices. From this perspective, ministers are seen as analogous to customers, and citizens to consumers. New public management has been informed by economic doctrines that have advocated privatization, contestability in the delivery of public goods and services and, where possible, the provision of these goods and services through the private sector.For the core public service, this has also been associated with significant reforms to public employment systems and the norms of what constitutes professional public service. For Australian public service employees, this shift ha s involved the displacement of core legislative protections associated with independence by ‘value statements’ and ‘codes of ethical conduct’, along with protective legislation for whistleblowers. More generally, this shift has occurred within the context of a decentralization of managerial responsibilities for workforce planning and human resource management to individual departments and agencies.For middle managers, this has meant a significant increase in responsibility for both ensuring probity in managerial practice and dealing with the ethical issues and conflicts that arise in dealing with ministers and stakeholders, the responsible expenditure of public money and the fair and just delivery of services to the community. Developments Some modern authors define NPM as a combination of splitting large bureaucracies into smaller, more fragmented ones, competition between different public agencies, and between public agencies and private firms and incenti vization on more economic lines.Defined in this way, NPM has been a significant driver in public management policy around the world, from the early 1980s to at least the early 2000s. NPM, compared to other public management theories, is oriented towards outcomes and efficiency, through better management of public budget. It is considered to be achieved by applying competition, as it is known in the private sector, to organizations in the public sector, emphasizing economic and leadership principles. New public management addresses beneficiaries of public services much like customers, and conversely citizens as shareholders.In 2007, the European Commission produced a white book on governance issues whose objective was to propose a new kind of â€Å"relationship between the state and the citizens,† reform governance, improve public management and render decision-making â€Å"more flexible. † Criticism Some authors say NPM has peaked and is now in decline. Critics like Du nleavy proclaim that NPM is ‘dead' and argue that the cutting edge of change has moved on to digital era governance focusing on reintegrating concerns into government control, holistic (or joined-up) government and digitalization (exploiting the Web and digital storage and communication within government).In the UK and US NPM has been challenged since the turn of the century by a range of related critiques such as Third Way thinking (see Anthony Giddens) and particularly the rise of ideas associated with Public Value Theory (Mark Moore, Kennedy Business School, John Benington, Warwick Business School) which have re-asserted a focus on citizenship, networked governance and the role of public agencies in working with citizens to co-create public value, generate democratic authorisation, legitimacy and trust, and stress the domains within which public managers are working as complex adaptive systems with characteristics which are qualitatively different from simple market forms, or private sector business principles.In his book Bad Samaritans, economist Ha-Joon Chang claims that â€Å"increased NPM-inspired reforms have often increased, rather than reduced, corruption,† as a result of â€Å"more contacts [of state-sector functionaries] with the private sector, creating new opportunities for bribes† and future, direct or indirect, employment in the private sector. Chang claims that â€Å"corruption often exists because there are too many market forces; not too few. † Robert Nield, a retired Cambridge economics professor and a member of the 1968 Fulton civil service reform committee, has stated, in reference to civil sector reforms implemented by British PM Margaret Thatcher, a pioneer and strong proponent of NPM, â€Å"I cannot think of another instance where a modern democracy has systematically undone the system by which incorrupt public services were brought into being. â€Å"

Lebanese Culture essays

Lebanese Culture essays It was Saturday, the first Saturday of the month, and the girls were at it again. Mohammed left early when he heard his mom clanging pots together in the kitchen. "MaMaaa, is Sana and Marina coming for lunch today'" he called from the flat roof after morning prayers. "Yes, you sister and grandmother are coming for the day. You know we meet every month on the first. Marina your sister has a new job at the retail store in town, and your grand mother is, well, she is the same as ever. Ready to complain about the politician, the food, and the way you kids dress, but she is still my mother, and I enjoy her company. We have seen many changes . . and you should . . ." Mohammed already had grabbed his work vest, and was headed out the door as his mother's voice changed from one of telling him about the day to judging his modern attitudes. "Good by MaMaa, I will be back after evening prayer." He called over his shoulder. The last thing he wanted to do was to be lectured on his attitudes by his mother. He was a young man, and as he pulled on his brightly colored woven vest, Mohammed stepped onto his red Honda scooter, Lillianna went back to work on the layers of pastry. She was fixing her momma's recipe of Baklava which had been passed down to her by her mother. The dough had to be just right, or Sana would have something else to complain about. Although Lillianna respected her mom as the oldest living members of the family, her days were not often filled with the energy she was putting into the baking this morning. Having her mom and daughter Marina over was one of the bright spots of her monthly calendar. Since her husband was killed in the 1980 civil war, Mohammed, Marina and her mom were the focus of most of her life's energy. She still couldn't get the image out of her mind. Her husbands business had been bombed during fighting in the neighborhood. He wasn'...

Apa Format Cheat Sheet

Space once after periods on the reference list | Title Page Format   p. 229Example: p. 41Exception: You do NOT need to include an Author Note| The title page should include the following five items:   1. Header flush left:Running head: ABBREVIATED TITLE (maximum 50 characters)   2. Page number flush righttitle page is page 1  Ã‚   3. Centered and in the upper half of the page (double spaced): Title of PaperStudent NameAmerican Sentinel University| Body of Paper| 1. Header flush left:ABBREVIATED TITLE   2. Page number flush right   3. Center title on first line of first page  | Headingsp. 62| 4. Use at least one level of heading (Level 1), though depending on paper length, two levels of headings (Levels 1 2) may enhance readability Level 1Centered with bold font, upper and lower case lettersLevel 2Flush left, bold font, upper and lower case letters(See the APA manual for three additional levels of headings used for longer papers). | Introduction/Conclusion  pp. 27; 63| The first paragraph of all papers should introduce the reader to what the paper will be about, and include a purpose statement. It is assumed that the first paragraph is the introduction; therefore, do not use â€Å"Introduction† as a heading. Close the paper with a conclusion or summary that summarizes the key points of the paper. You do not need to say â€Å"In conclusion† because the heading says that. For the â€Å"how-to’s† of writing a great intro and conclusion, see: http://www. princeton. edu/writing/center/resources/introconcl. pdf| Writing Style  p. 69; also see: http://blog. apastyle. org/apastyle/2009/09/use-of-first-person-in-apa-style. html| Writing in the third person is standard at American Sentinel, though there are exceptions (check with your instructor); avoid use of person all together when possible. Chapter 3 of the APA manual has some great writing tips! Here are a few additional resources students have found helpful in writing papers:    1. Principles of Composition 2. Correct use of Punctuation 3. How to do a Final Polish/Edit of your Assignment 4. Mission Critical—Critical Thinking Interactive Tutorial| Quotation 40 Words or More   pp. 92; 171-173|   Use block quotationno quotation marks, page number preceded by the period at the end of the last sentence. Note: Limit use of direct quotations! Better to paraphrase and cite. | Writing in a Series (Seriation) pp. 63-65| Use numbers to indicate an ordered position (e. . , of importance): 1. 2. Can use bullet points if there is no order of importance or chronology: * * As part of a sentence: Options for writing a list in APA format includes (a) numbers, (b) bullet points, and (c) lower case letters in parenthesis, depending on how the list is used. | Writing Numbers pp. 111-113| Numbers expressed in numerals: * 10 and above * Precede a measurement (e. g. , 5 mg)Numbers exp ressed in words: * Below 10 * Beginning a sentence or heading| Citing In Text (Preferred citation format listed)   Note the period follows the parenthesis. There must be a citation on the reference page for each in text citation. | Paraphrasing   p. 170| †¦(Young, 2010). | Direct Quotationp. 170-172| †¦(Young, 2010, p. 3). Note: Limit use of direct quotations! Better to paraphrase and cite. | Secondary source p. 178| †¦ (York, as cited in Johnson, 2009). Note: Only Johnson goes on the reference page. | No Page Numbers p. 171-172|   Give paragraph: (Brown, 2010, para. 3) ORGive section: (Davis, 2010, Abstract section). | No Date   Ã‚  p. 185| †¦(Smith, n. d. ). | Personal Communication   p. 178|   (J. Jones, personal communication, July 12, 2010). Note: Do not include on the reference page | Citing Multiple Authors   No need to memorize, just keep this list handy. pp. 175| Author Number| In Text Citation | Reference List Citation| 2| List both authors every time†¦(Author Author, year)  |   Ã‚  Ã‚  List all authors| 3-5| Cite all authors the first time: †¦(Author, Author, Author, year)Subsequently, cite only the first author followed by et al. †¦(Author et al. , year)  |   Ã‚  Ã‚  List all authors  | 6 or more| First time and every time, cite only the first author followed by et al. Author et al. , year)  Ã‚  Ã‚  |   Ã‚  List all authors| 8 or more| | Include the first seven authors’ names, then insert three ellipses, and add the last author’s name, like this:Author, I. , Author, I. , Author, I. , Author, I. , Author, I. , Author, I. , Author, I. ,†¦Author, I. (year). | Reference Citations Always compare to an example as you build and proofread your references. Every reference needs an in text citation. pp. 180-183; examples: pp. 198-224| General| 1. Reference list begins on a new page, with the word Reference centered at the top of the page 2. There should be a hanging indent on every reference. In MS Word, create a hanging indent by going to â€Å"Format† gt; â€Å"Paragraph† gt; â€Å"Special† gt; select Hanging from the drop down menu. 3. Place references in alphabetical order 4. Reference page should be double-spaced like the rest of the paperno extra spaces| Journal article with a doi (Digital Object Identifier):| Zembylas, M. (2008). Adult learners’ emotions in online learning. Distance Education, 29(1), 71-87. doi: 10. 1080/01587910802004852  | Journal article from a secure database (like our library) with no doi:| Tang, F. , Chou, S. Chiang, H. (2005). Students’ perceptions of effective and ineffective clinical instructors. Journal of Nursing Education, 44(4), 187-192. Retrieved from ProQuest database. | Journal article from the Internet with no doi:| Vesely, P. , Bloom, L. , Sherlock, J. (2007). Key elements of building online community: Comparing faculty and student perceptions. MERLOT Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, 3(3), 234-246. Retrieved from http://jolt. merlot. org/vol3no3/vesely. pdf  | Book| Weimer, M. (2002). Learner-centered teaching: Five key changes to practice. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Chapter in a book with multiple authors| Stake, R. E. (2005). Qualitative case studies. In N. K. Denzin Y. S. Lincoln (Eds. ), The Sage handbook of qualitative research (3rd ed. , pp. 443-466). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. | Website with an author| Berwick, D. (n. d. ). Don Berwicks challenge: Eliminate restrictions on visiting hours in the intensive care unit. Retrieved from http://www. ihi. org/knowledge/Pages/ImprovementStories /DonBerwicksChallengeEliminateRestrictionsonVisitingHoursinthe IntensiveCareUnit. px | Website without an author| Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. (2009). Assessment for improvement: Tracking student engagement over time. Retrieved from http://nsse. iub. edu/NSSE_2009_Results/pdf/NSSE_AR_2009. pdf  |   Ã‚  Note: In an APA paper all references would be double-spaced Warning: Indicates a common error. Regarding references: Use only scholarly sources for your assignments. What are scholarly sources? * Peer reviewed journals—examples: Journal of Nursing Education, American Journal of Nursing, Journal of Holistic Nursing. Use only articles available in full text (not just an abstract). * Ideally the articles will have been published in the last 5-10 years. * Text books * Reputable websites—examples: http://nursingworld. org/, http://www. cdc. gov/, http://www. ihi. org/Pages/default. aspx * Wiki’s such as Wikipedia are NOT scholarly sources—do not use. File Name: At American Sentinel University, always name your document (what you save as) using this format: YourName_CourseNumber_Assignment This guide is provided as a convenient reference, but always refer to the APA

Work Based Integrated Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Work Based Integrated Project - Essay Example As a young Muslim female growing up in the u.k, my parents always have been very protective and kept me grounded. Morals and values have had a huge impact on my life because my parents have been brought up in a traditional Muslim way, were they raised in Iraq they brought me up the same way their parents have been bought up the tradition Muslim way for example dressing in a modest way and wearing a scarf (the hijab). This is something that has come natural to me and I often have to explain to people what it is and why I wear it and to be honest its made me the woman I’m today, its part of my identity and I will never change it. Obviously being a Muslim girl, it usually restricts us to a certain way of life we live in and living in the UK is such an eye opener to everything. However I have such strong beliefs and challenging the western ideologies wasn't an issue growing up, under the influence of my parents i was on track with religion as well as being modernized. I have alway s wanted to make something out of me, it will be very common if i just accepted in getting married at the age of 16 to a young Muslim man but that was not what I wanted for myself, I’m a very confident and passionate young women wanting to be successful, its my goal to follow my dreams and be very wealthy and proud be able to say I did it, for taking radio after my degree is what I want to do for definite. Furthermore I want to be an inspiration to the young Muslim females that didn’t get a chance to finish education and follow their dream, because it’s very tradition in my culture to get married and have a family of your own. Without a doubt I do want to follow my tradition of getting married and having family, but for now I will take a step ahead to follow my dreams and what I really want to do quite funny I can imagine myself being on a radio station and people would want to tune in early hours in the morning on their ways to work sampling the radio I did for year 2 part of media communication course we studied radio module and produced a 10 minute radio show, I received a lot of positive feedback not only from my peers but also my lecturers told me to take this on. My passion for radio grew even more since I started my media communication course at university. This was an eye opener into taking on radio presenting as a career it’s my comfort zone and if I'm honest I do like the sound of my own voice. My main goal is to work Kiss 100 a British radio station in London since it’s my favorite London station and hopefully follow experience with having my own radio show named: ‘MunMun Radio’ but for now my main focus is work for kiss 100 and be successful. Self evaluation expressed as personal SWOT CV and cover letter should be included in this section Interpersonal sensitivity based on agreeableness encompasses the status of being considerate towards situations and events. Agreeable personality is marked by nature of being tactful, sensitive, as well as altruism qualifying leaders to be more agreeable. There is that sense of modesty and non-excessive affiliation to certain groups. Within the social set-up people tend to discover certain group affiliations, however, the need for affiliation appears to be negatively related to leadership. There’s some sense of ambiguity between agreeableness and leadership (Ellis and Harper, 1997). Leadership based on conscientiousness focuses on the end results whereby the leader ensures appropriate completion of tasks. Positioning of leadership within organizations determines the level of group effectiveness. Performances within organizations depend on the nature of individual conscientiousness which ultimately determines the